John Law - Economist & Economy Crasher

Years ago, in a middle school classroom in a differentIn 1716, King Louis XV of France gave Law the
world, a young teacher taught a lesson on Europeanopportunity to implement his strategy to use paper
history. One day was the story of John Law, amoney. Law's plan was to create a government run
gambler turned economist who reached celebrityfinancial monopoly and use it's profits to pay of the
status only to wind up in exile penniless. The teacherexorbitant national debt incurred by ongoing wars
made the story fascinating! The word swashbucklingwaged by the king.
comes to mind and it inspired me to read The CountIs it just me, or DOES THIS SOUND FAMILIAR?
of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas, the guy whoLaw was appointed Controller General of Finances
also wrote The Three Musketeers.and started the Banque Generale Privee (General
The part of the story about the economic collapsePrivate Bank) which ultimately was changed to the
of France and the Mississippi Bubble were temporarilyBanque Royale (Royal Bank). Because the economy
memorized for fill-in-the-blank test taking purposes, awas so strapped, there was a shortage of precious
not no uncommon middle school history tactic. Dearmetals which led to a shortage of coins in circulation.
Mrs. "Long-gone Memory" did her job. Fast forwardThe solution was to print paper money as a fiat
30 years and the objective of the lesson plan hascurrency or government notes guaranteed by the full
been accomplished. I get it now. What John Law didfaith and credit of the king. The plan was a success
to France's economy is happening in America.at first and Law was rewarded by being given
Whoever coined the phrase "history repeats itself"control of France's holdings in America, the Louisiana
knew what they were talking about once again...Territory, using the name the Mississippi Company
John Law was born in Edinburh, Scotland into awhich soon became the richest company in France.
wealthy family of bankers and goldsmiths. When hisWith the stock prices skyrocketing they figured it
father died, he took over the family business but ranwas a good time to print more fiat currency. Paris
it into the ground spending money like a drunkenwas a boomtown and many people were living high
sailor and chasing women. His extravagant exploits inon the hog.
luxury ultimately led him to gambling, which didn'tWhat happened next was, inflation started to creep
work out so well.in and the paper money was losing it's buying power.
In a dispute over a lady by the name of ElizabethWhen a decline in confidence of the economy
Villiers, Law killed a man in a dual and was given thestarted to rear it's head, people wanted their coins
death penalty. He somehow managed to escape andback and there was a run on the bank. Or they
fled to Amsterdam where he studied finance. Hebought up valuables like gemstones and jewelry. By
published a thesis called Money and Trade Consideredthe end of 1720, the bubble had finally burst and
where he argued that printing more paper moneyeveryone wanted to get rid of their worthless paper
and putting it into circulation would greaten themoney.
wealth of a country.